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Video archives
Here, we establish an online video library where a series of movies relevant to motility are available. The miscellaneous category includes bacteria, eukaryotes, and archaea, viruses, proteins, and synthetic polymers. The movies that are meaningful in the biology field will be uploaded in both Japanese and English.
For the contributors who plan to upload your video, you should keep in mind the following suggestions:
(1) the video which is relative to the object of your research
(2) the video about microbe found in the research activity of the super-science high school or biological clubs are encouraged to upload
(3) Do not forget to add the link of your video which has been published (Please make sure the copyright)
(4) If you think some videos in the old textbook are valuable to upload, please let us know.
Video List
Eukaryote
Diplogaster sp.
Species name:Diplogaster sp.
Bureau Swerage, Tokyo Metropolitan Government
The size of Dyplogaster is about 0.5-3 mm in length. The body is an elongated cylindrical shaped. There is no body segment structure. They feed on bacteria.
Eukaryote
Drepanomonas sp.
Species name:Drepanomonas
Bureau Swerage, Tokyo Metropolitan Government
The size of Drepanomonas is 30-40 μm in length. Its cell is uneven crescent shape. Posterior ends pointed and both side rounded. Drepanomonas has a smaller number of cilia. Its shape of body does not deform.
Eukaryote
A strange organism near particles
Species name:Diplophrys
AL-Museum AL-Museum
A round organism with a brown center slowly moves along the edges of particles. It looks like Helizoa, but the axopods are arranged differently, and the brown center is not characteristic of Helizoa. Who is this organism? Sometimes we encounter strangers in our journey through the microscopic world.
Eukaryote
Active foraging among particles
Species name:Disematostoma (Disematostoma butschlii)
AL-Museum AL-Museum
A large oval ciliate is actively foraging around particles. The brownish-black body is covered by dense cilia. The organisms greedy behavior reminds us of a hungry bear in early spring.
Eukaryote
Is it dividing?
Species name:Diatom
AL-Museum AL-Museum
Several sizes of diatoms are living in Hirose River. This is one of the largest, and we can see two cells are surrounded by a membrane. Each cell is covered with a hard siliceous cell wall. The two cells may be in the process of division. Larger brown structures as well as small particles are moving inside the cytoplasm of the diatoms.
Eukaryote
Myosin II during cytokinesis of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum.
Species name:Dictyostelium discoideum
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Taro Uyeda
A Dictyostelium discoideum cell expressing GFP-myosin II is undergoing cytokinesis. This cell is overlaid with an agarose sheet, for better visualization of myosin II filaments in one focal plane. Provided by Prof. Shigehiko Yumura of Yamaguchi University.
Eukaryote
Cytokinesis D (midwifing) in Dictyostelium.
Species name:Dictyostelium discoideum
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Taro Uyeda
Usually cells can divide by itself. Biron et al. (2001) found that isolated cells of Entamoeba invadens frequently fail to divide, but a neighbor cell migrate toward the equator of those dividing cells and help the division to complete. This process is dependent on chemotaxis of the neighbor "midwife" cell toward the equatorial cortex. The cells of Dictyostelium discoideum can divide fairly efficiently by themselves, but similar to Entamoeba cells, neighbor cells (red) do chemotax toward the equatorial region of a dividing cell (green). This process is not essential in Dictyostelium, but improves the success rate of division, and was named cytokinesis D.
Eukaryote
Keratocyte-like movement of amiB-null Dictyostelium cells.
Species name:Dictyostelium discoideum
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Taro Uyeda
Migrating cells of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum are usually elongated along the front-rear axis, typical of other amoeboid cells. However, mutant cells lacking AmiB are elongated laterally, and migrate in one direction over a long distance. This is very similar to fish keratocytes.
Eukaryote
Robust, cell cycle-coupled cytokinesis in mutant cells lacking myosin II
Species name:Dictyostelium discoideum
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Taro Uyeda
The cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum has two cell-cycle coupled methods of cytokinesis. Mutant cells lacking myosin II cannot divide in suspension, and become multinucleate. On substrates, however, these mutant cells divide efficiently, due to oppositely-directed traction forces generated along the two polar regions (cytokinesis B). Note that all the nuclear division events, visualized by GFP-histone, are followed by cell division (circled).
Eukaryote
Cell cycle-uncoupled cytokinesis in AmiA:myosin II double KO cells.
Species name:Dictyostelium discoideum
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Taro Uyeda
The mutant cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum lacking myosin II and AmiA cannot perform cell cycle-dependent cytokinesis. These cells fragment by traction-mediated, cell cycle-uncoupled method of division (cytokinesis C). These cells express GFP-histone to visualize nuclear division. Note that nuclear division, synchronous in each multinucleate cell, is not followed by cell division.